How is 'risk' defined in a health and safety context?

In a health and safety context, 'risk' is defined as the potential for injury or damage resulting from a hazard. This definition encompasses not only the presence of hazards but also the likelihood and severity of the impact that those hazards can have on individuals, property, or the environment. Identifying risk involves assessing both the probability of an adverse outcome and the consequences that may follow if that outcome occurs.

This definition plays a critical role in effective health and safety management, as it helps organizations prioritize safety measures and allocate resources to mitigate the most significant risks. Understanding risk allows for proactive approaches to safety, rather than merely responding to incidents after they happen.

In contrast, the other options focus on different aspects related to workplace safety. The frequency of accidents measures outcomes rather than potential dangers; the evaluation of training programs pertains to educational effectiveness but does not encompass the broader concept of risk; and total costs associated with workplace accidents reflect the financial impact rather than the potential for harm.